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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) - Saint Helena (2006)

Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) z Saint Helena (2006)

 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006)Saint Helena (2006)
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsSaint Helena
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha*
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)
0-14 years: 18.8% (male 717/female 692)


15-64 years: 71.2% (male 2,751/female 2,593)


65 years and over: 10% (male 342/female 407) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts coffee, corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, lobster (on Tristan da Cunha)
Airports 1 (2006) 1


note: Wideawake Field on Ascension Island (2006)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)
total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2006)
Area total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
total: 413 sq km


land: Saint Helena Island 122 sq km; Ascension Island 90 sq km; Tristan da Cunha island group 201 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. Saint Helena is a British Overseas Territory consisting of Saint Helena and Ascension Islands, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha.


Saint Helena: Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. During the Anglo-Boer War in South Africa, several thousand Boer prisoners were confined on the island between 1900 and 1903.


Ascension Island: This barren and uninhabited island was discovered and named by the Portuguese in 1503. The British garrisoned the island in 1815 to prevent a rescue of Napoleon from Saint Helena and it served as a provisioning station for the Royal Navy's West Africa Squadron on anti-slavery patrol. The island remained under Admiralty control until 1922, when it became a dependency of Saint Helena. During World War II, the UK permitted the US to construct an airfield on Ascension in support of trans-Atlantic flights to Africa and anti-submarine operations in the South Atlantic. In the 1960s the island became an important space tracking station for the US. In 1982, Ascension was an essential staging area for British forces during the Falklands War, and it remains a critical refueling point in the air-bridge from the UK to the South Atlantic.


Tristan da Cunha: The island group consists of the islands of Tristan da Cunha, Nightingale, Inaccessible, and Gough. Tristan da Cunha is named after its Portuguese discoverer (1506); it was garrisoned by the British in 1816 to prevent any attempt to rescue Napoleon from Saint Helena. Gough and Inaccessible Islands have been designated World Heritage Sites. South Africa leases the site for a meteorological station on Gough Island.
Birth rate NA 12.13 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
revenues: $11.2 million


expenditures: $11 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92/93)
Capital name: West Island


geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 55 E


time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
name: Jamestown


geographic coordinates: 15 56 S, 5 44 W


time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year Saint Helena: tropical marine; mild, tempered by trade winds


Ascension Island: tropical marine; mild, semi-arid


Tristan da Cunha: temperate marine; mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)
Coastline 26 km Saint Helena: 60 km


Ascension Island: NA


Tristan da Cunha: 40 km
Constitution Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 1 January 1989
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Saint Helena
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 6.53 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $NA $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)
Economy - overview Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, raising livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK.
Electricity - consumption - 4.65 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production - 5 million kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,062 m; Green Mountain on Ascension Island 859 m; Mount Actaeon on Saint Helena Island 818 m
Environment - current issues fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs NA
Ethnic groups Europeans, Cocos Malays African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.55 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001)


note: the Saint Helenian pound is on par with the British pound
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief Michael CLANCY (since 15 October 2004)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, three ex-officio officers, and five elected members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch
Exports $NA NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities copra fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts
Exports - partners Australia (2004) Tanzania 37.7%, US 17.4%, Japan 15.2%, UK 8.4%, Nigeria 4.8%, Spain 4.5% (2005)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of Australia is used blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 12 30 S, 96 50 E Saint Helena: 15 57 S 5 42 W


Ascension Island: 7 57 S 14 22 W


Tristan da Cunha island group: 37 15 S 12 30 W
Geography - note islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation Saint Helena harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns; Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha is the highest island mountain in the South Atlantic and a prominent landmark on the sea lanes around southern Africa
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports $NA NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities foodstuffs food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts
Imports - partners Australia (2004) UK 53.5%, South Africa 14.3%, Spain 10.3%, Tanzania 8.5%, US 4.6% (2005)
Independence none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries copra products and tourism construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing, philatelic sales
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total: 18.34 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.96 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 14.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 3.2% (1997 est.)
International organization participation none ICFTU, UPU
Irrigated land NA NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court Magistrate's Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force NA 2,486


note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others agriculture: 6%


industry: 48%


services: 46% (1987 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land: 12.9%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 87.1% (2005)
Languages Malay (Cocos dialect), English English
Legal system based upon the laws of Australia and local laws British common law and statutes, supplemented by local statutes
Legislative branch unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007)
unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 31 August 2005 (next to be held NA 2009)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 12
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population: 77.93 years


male: 75.02 years


female: 80.98 years (2006 est.)
Literacy NA definition: age 20 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 97%


female: 98% (1987 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa; Ascension Island lies 700 nm northwest of Saint Helena; Tristan da Cunha lies 2300 nm southwest of Saint Helena
Map references Southeast Asia Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
noun: Saint Helenian(s)


adjective: Saint Helenian


note: referred to locally as "Saints"
Natural hazards cyclone season is October to April active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha, last eruption in 1961
Natural resources fish fish, lobster
Net migration rate NA 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Political parties and leaders none none
Political pressure groups and leaders none none
Population 574 (July 2006 est.) 7,502


note: only Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha islands are inhabited (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate 0% (2006 est.) 0.56% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) Saint Helena: AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0


Ascension: AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (2005)
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage NA NA years of age
Telephone system general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station
general assessment: can communicate worldwide


domestic: automatic digital network


international: country code - 290; international direct dialing; satellite voice and data communications; satellite earth stations - 5 (Ascension Island - 4, Saint Helena - 1)
Telephones - main lines in use 287 (1992) 2,200 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular note - analog cellular service available NA
Television broadcast stations NA 0


note: three television channels are received in Saint Helena via satellite and distributed by UHF (2005)
Terrain flat, low-lying coral atolls the islands of this group result from volcanic activity associated with the Atlantic Mid-Ocean Ridge


Saint Helena: rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains


Ascension: surface covered by lava flows and cinder cones of 44 dormant volcanoes; ground rises to the east


Tristan da Cunha: sheer cliffs line the coastline of the nearly circular island; the flanks of the central volcanic peak are deeply dissected; narrow coastal plain lies between The Peak and the coastal cliffs
Total fertility rate NA 1.55 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Transportation - note - there is no air connection to Saint Helena or Tristan da Cunha; an international airport for Saint Helena is in development for 2010
Unemployment rate 60% (2000 est.) 14% (1998 est.)
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